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| Cambodia | Tetrabromodiphenyl ether and Pentabromodiphenyl ether | Cars with PUR foam in car seats contaminated with TetraBDE and PentaBDE remain in use within the country. | 20/01/2016 | |
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| Canada | Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, its salts and perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride | Aqueous film forming foams (fire fighting foams) | 21/12/2010 | Although PFOS-based aqueous film forming foams (AFFFs) can no longer be manufactured, or purchased in Canada, there are remaining stocks of PFOS – based AFFFs in Canada. |
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| Canada | Lindane | Human health pharmaceutical for control of head lice and scabies as second line treatment | 21/12/2010 | |
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| Canada | Tetrabromodiphenyl ether and pentabromodiphenyl ether | Textile
and foam-based products such as mattresses, furniture and carpet backing | 21/12/2010 | Note by Secretariat: Notification from Party referred to Tetrabromodiphenyl ether and pentabromodiphenyl ether (commercial Pentabromodiphenyl ether mixture)
While manufacture, import and use of C-PentaBDE commercial mixtures are prohibited, some articles containing this commercial mixture could still be in use in Canada |
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| Canada | Hexabromodiphenyl ether and heptabromodiphenyl ether | Products
containing acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)plastics such as electronic
equipment | 21/12/2010 | Note by the Secretariat: Notification from Party referred to Hexabromodiphenyl ether and heptabromodiphenyl ether (commercial Octabromodiphenyl ether mixture)
While manufacture, import and use of C-OctaBDE commercial mixtures are prohibited, some articles containing this commercial mixture could still be in use in Canada |
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| China | Lindane | Human health pharmaceutical for control of head lice and scabies as second line treatment | 31/10/2019 | |
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| China | Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, its salts and perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride | - Photo masks in the semiconductor and liquid crystal display (LCD) industries.
- Electric and electronic parts for some colour printers and colour copy machines.
- Product for control of red imported fire ants and termites. | 31/10/2019 | |
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| China | Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) | Use of HBCD as a flame retardant for expanded polystyrene (EPS)
beads, EPS and extruded polystyrene (XPS) boards in buildings. In
addition, HBCD that were produced or used before 26 December
2016 may also be in-use in such products as flame retardant textiles,
packaging, and building materials. | 19/11/2021 | EPS beads are intermediate products for the production of EPS boards. The HBCD-containing EPS and XPS products remain in use. |
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| European Union | Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) present in commercial decabromodiphenyl ether | Textile and plastic articles treated with decaBDE used in the automotive, aviation (including military) marine and construction sectors.
Electric and electronic equipment (plastic housing, cables, connectors, circuit breakers).
DecaBDE was typically used in ABS and HIPS plastics (monitors and TV sets) as well as PP (large household appliances and in small appliances for high-temperature applications).
Applications of decaBDE in the construction sector include:
• Opaque roofing materials (manufactured from unsaturated polyester)
• Polyolefin-based roofing materials
• Cross-linked elastomeric compositions based on plasticised PVC / nitrile rubber or polyethylene.
• PVC/nitrile blends could have also been used to insulate heating pipes or air-conditioning systems.
DecaBDE has also been used in the EU in domestic and commercial furnishings and fittings, e.g. in draperies and furniture (in foams, fillings and back coatings).
Examples of articles in the automotive sector include powertrain and under-hood applications, fuel system applications, pyrotechnical devices and applications affected by pyrotechnical devices, suspension and interior applications, reinforced plastics, electric and electronic equipment, fabric such as rear decks, upholstery, headliners, automobile seats, head rests, sun visors, trim panels, carpets.
Product types in the aviation sector containing decaBDE include a range of polymer, textile and electrical items such as emergency slides, life vests, cables, carpets, interior panels and structural composites as well as seats.
| 09/02/2024 | Note by Secretariat: Notification from Party referred to Decabromodiphenyl ether (commercial mixture, c-decaBDE).
DecaBDE has been widely used as an additive flame retardant with applications in many different sectors. It has been mainly used in plastics and textiles but uses in adhesives, sealants, coatings and inks have also been reported.
The use of decaBDE in electric and electronic equipment (EEE) has been restricted in the EU since 2008 under the RoHS directive to a maximum concentration of 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials.
As of 2 March 2019, the manufacturing, placing on the market and use of decaBDE whether on its own, in mixtures or in articles is prohibited in the European Union under the POPs Regulation with limited specific exemptions.
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| European Union | Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) | Rigid insulation panels/boards made from Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) or Extruded Polystyrene (XPS) used in construction.
Flame retardant in other plastics, such as in high impact polystyrene (HIPS) used in electronics.
Back coatings of textiles (to improve their fire resistance) e.g. in vehicles, protective clothing, tents and upholstery.
| 09/02/2024 | The main use of HBCDD in the EU (90 %) was in expanded polystyrene (EPS) and extruded polystyrene (XPS) for the building sector. Approximately 6 % of HBCDD was used particularly for EPS packaging (but also for EPS an XPS
insulation panels used for transportation vehicles and other applications). About 2 % of the total consumption of HBCDD was in High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) for electrical and electronic equipment (EEE). Around 2 % was used in textile back-coating.
The placing on the market of XPS and EPS containing HBCDD has been banned in the EU since 2016 and 2017 respectively.
The use of HBCDD in EPS packaging, textile back-coating and HIPS has been banned since August 2015 and the placing on the market, including import, of articles containing HBCDD has been banned since 2016. Because packaging has a very short lifetime, it is not expected that packaging containing HBCDD would still be in use in the EU. Although it might be possible that textiles and HIPS in EEE containing HBCDD are still in use, these articles are expected to reach the end of their service life in the next years. |
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| European Union | Pentachlorophenol (PCP) and its salts and esters | Utility poles, cross-arms and other timber products and brickwork (plaster and masonry) used in construction treated with PCP, its salts and esters.
Industrial and military textiles treated with pentachlorophenyl laurate (PCPL). | 09/02/2024 | The main application of Pentachlorophenol (PCP) and its salts and esters in the EU was as a heavy-duty wood preservative. PCP treatment provides a product service life to utility poles and cross-arms of up to 70 years. PCP treated indoor wooden structures in buildings may even have a longer service life.
Military and industrial textiles treated with pentachlorophenyl laurate have an estimated product service life of 15-20 years and as PCPL treatment of textiles ceased in 2002 in most EU countries. In France, Spain and Portugal the application of PCPL
was allowed until 2008, therefore, it is possible that textiles treated with PCPL may be still in use in some EU countries.
By 2008, all uses of PCP, its salts and esters ceased in all EU countries. (Entry into force of restriction under the REACH Regulation; entry 22 in Annex XVII). |
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| European Union | Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, its salts and perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride | Photoresists or anti-reflective coatings for photolithography processes, photographic coatings applied to films, papers, or printing plates. | 09/02/2024 | Note from Secretariat: Notification from Party referred to Perfluorooctane sulfonates (PFOS) C8F17SO2X (X = OH, Metal salt (O-M+), halide, amide, and other derivatives including polymers).
The manufacturing, placing on the market and use of PFOS have been initially restricted in the EU since 2006 by the Directive 2006/122/EC the Council Directive 76/769/EEC, with exemptions for its use in electroplating systems, photoresists or anti reflective coatings for photolithography processes, and photographic coatings applied to films, papers, or printing plates and for the use of fighting foams stocks containing PFOS until June 2011.
Since 2010 PFOS have been restricted under the EU POPs Regulation following the listing of the substance under the Stockholm Convention.
The use of PFOS in photoresists or anti reflective coatings for photolithography processes; and photographic coatings applied to films, papers, or printing plates was permitted until 2015.
Firefighting foams are mixtures and not articles under the EU POPs Regulation, and therefore, considered out of the scope of this notification.
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| European Union | Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), its salts and PFOA-related compounds | Articles containing fluoropolymers and fluoroelastomers such as PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene), FEP (fluorinated ethylene propylene), PFA (Perfluoroalkoxy alkane) or PVDF (Polyvinylidene fluoride) that were manufactured using PFOA or its salts.
Examples of these articles include:
- FEP coating (for weathering, flame and soil resistance) in cables and wires, including high-voltage electrical wire and cables for power transmission
- Insulators and “solder sleeves” in electronics
- O-rings, V-belts and plastic accessories for car interiors and raw material for components such as low-friction bearings & seals, lubricants
- High-performance, corrosion-resistant gas filter membranes, water filter membranes and membranes for medical textiles
- Industrial waste heat exchanger equipment containing PTFE and PVDF, industrial sealants capable of preventing leakage of volatile organic compounds and PM2.5 particulates
- Semiconductors
- Photographic coatings applied to films
- Medical devices (e.g. non-woven medical garments; surgical patches; cardiovascular grafts; vascular catheters; raw material for implants in the human body; stain- and water-repellents for surgical drapes and gowns)
- Water and oil repellent fabrics (e.g. safety clothing, outdoor clothing, car seats and carpets and sails)
- Non-stick cookware, pans, kitchen utensils. | 09/02/2024 | PFOA and its salts were most widely used as processing aids in the production of fluoroelastomers and fluoropolymers, with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) being an important fluoropolymer. The manufacturing, use and placing on the market of PFOA, its salts and related substances has been banned in the EU since 2020 with specific exemptions.
Note: Firefighting foams are mixtures and not articles under the POPs Regulation of the European Union and therefore considered out of the scope of this notification.
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| European Union | Short-chain chlorinated paraffins | Conveyor belts in the mining industry.
Dam sealants.
Plasticizers in paint and coatings and in PVC.
Additives in sealants in construction and in cars and industrial applications.
| 09/02/2024 | Note by Secretariat: Notification from Party referred to Alkanes, C10-13, chloro.
The manufacturing, placing on the market and use of short chain chlorinated paraffins (SCPP) has been banned in the EU since July 2012, with exemptions until 2015 for its use as fire retardant in rubber used in conveyor belts in the mining industry and in dam sealants.
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| European Union | Hexabromodiphenyl ether and heptabromodiphenyl ether | ABS used as housings/casings of EEE (mainly CRT TVs and electrical heating equipment). In the case that such articles are still in use it relates to products that were placed on the market before the ban entered into force in 2004, and that have not yet been phased out. | 09/02/2024 | Note by the Secretariat: Notification from Party referred to Hexabromodiphenyl ether and heptabromodiphenyl ether (commercial Octabromodiphenyl ether mixture)
OctaBDE concentrations in ABS may range between 10 and 18% by weight, with the ABS used as housings/casings of EEE (mainly CRT TVs and electrical heating equipment), accounting for approximately 95% of the total use of c-OctaBDE.
The manufacturing and use of Commercial Pentabromodiphenyl ether (C-pentaBDE) and commercial octabromodiphenyl ether (C-OctaBDE) have been banned in the EU since 2004 following their listing under Directive 2003/11/EC.
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| European Union | Tetrabromodiphenyl ether and pentabromodiphenyl ether | Upholstery, furniture and automotive PUR foams. In the case that such articles are still in use it relates to products that were placed on the market before the ban entered into force in 2004, and that have not yet been phased out. | 09/02/2024 | Note by Secretariat: Notification from Party referred to Tetrabromodiphenyl ether and pentabromodiphenyl ether (commercial Pentabromodiphenyl ether mixture)
C-PentaBDE was applied in upholstery, furniture and automotive PUR foams, typically at concentrations of 4% by weight.
The manufacturing and use of Commercial Pentabromodiphenyl ether (C-pentaBDE) and commercial octabromodiphenyl ether (C-OctaBDE) were initially restricted in the EU under Directive 2003/11/EC. |
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| Japan | Chlordane | Termiticide in structures of houses where Chlordane occurs as a constituent. | 30/08/2002 | |
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| Japan | Heptachlor | Termiticide in structures of houses where Heptachlor occurs as a constituent. | 30/08/2002 | |
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| Japan | Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, its salts and perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride | - Photo imaging
- Photo resistant and anti-reflective coatings for semi-conductors
- Etching agent for compound semi-conductors and ceramic filters
- Fire-fighting foam
- Certain medical devices. | 02/09/2010 | Precursor: Perfluorooctane-1-sulfonyl fluoride (PFOS-F, CAS No. 307-35-7) |
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| Japan | Hexabromocyclododecane | - Flame retarded extruded polystyrene (XPS)
- Flame retarded expanded polystyrene (EPS)
- Flame retarded textiles. | 25/11/2014 | |
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| Japan | Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) present in commercial decabromodiphenyl ether | - Flame-retardant treatment agent
- Flame-retardant materials for automobiles, aircrafts, and railway vehicles
- Flame-retardant materials for building and equipment
- Flame-retardant textiles
- Flame-retardant adhesives and sealing filters
- Flame-retardant plastic cases for home appliances. | 28/11/2018 | |
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| Japan | Short-chain chlorinated paraffins | - Paints (limited to those for waterproof and ant-flammable use)
- Plasticizers for resin and rubber
- Adhesives and sealing filters
- Fatliquoring agent for leather
- Flame-retardant treatment agent
- Lubricating, cutting and hydraulic oils
- Materials for industrial machines
- Tubes for outdoor decoration. | 28/11/2018 | |
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| New Zealand | Hexabromocyclododecane | HBCD has been used as a flame retardant mainly in polystyrene building insulation. This includes flame retarded extruded polystyrene and flame retarded expanded polystyrene. There has also been some use of HBCD in flame retarded textiles. | 20/12/2016 | Manufacture and import of HBCD and of articles containing HBCD is prohibited in New Zealand. However, articles containing HBCD, primarily polystyrene building insulation, remain in use. |
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| New Zealand | Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, its salts and perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride | PFOS has been widely used in applications providing oil and water resistance to materials such as textiles, upholstery, carpets, apparel, and paper and packaging. It has also been used in firefighting foams and hydraulic fluids. | 20/12/2016 | Manufacture, import and use of PFOS has been prohibited in New Zealand since August 2011, and since July 2006 for firefighting foams. However, it is likely that there are some substances and articles containing PFOS remaining in use. |
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| New Zealand | Hexabromodiphenyl ether and heptabromodiphenyl ether | OctaBDE was used as a flame retardant in a number of types of plastics, primarily in electrical and electronic equipment. | 20/12/2016 | Note by the Secretariat: Notification from Party referred to Hexabromodiphenyl ether and heptabromodiphenyl ether (commercial octabromodiphenyl ether)
Manufacture, import and use of octaBDE has been prohibited in New Zealand since August 2011. However, it is likely that there are some articles containing octaBDE remaining in use. |
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| New Zealand | Pentachlorophenol and its salts and esters (PCP) | PCP treated timber utility poles and cross-arms, and rail sleepers. | 20/12/2016 | Note by Secretariat: Notification from Party referred to Pentachlorophenol and its salts and esters (PCP), and including the metabolite pentachloroanisole.
In New Zealand, PCP was primarily used for timber treatment purposes but these uses ceased in 1988. All approvals to import, manufacture or use PCP were revoked in 2008. It is known, however, that some PCP treated utility poles are still in use and it is also possible that some rail sleepers containing PCP are still in service. |
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| New Zealand | Tetrabromodiphenyl ether and pentabromodiphenyl ether | PentaBDE was used as a flame retardant in a wide range of consumer products including textile and foam-based products such as mattresses, furniture and carpet backing. Its main use was in polyurethane foam. | 20/12/2016 | Note by Secretariat: Notification from Party referred to Tetrabromodiphenyl ether and pentabromodiphenyl ether (commercial pentabromodiphenyl ether, pentaBDE)
Manufacture, import and use of pentaBDE has been prohibited in New Zealand since August 2011. However, it is likely that there are some articles containing pentaBDE remaining in use. |
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| New Zealand | Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) present in commercial decabromodiphenyl ether | Articles where DecaBDE has been used as an additive in plastics (such as in electrical and electronic equipment, wires, cables and pipes), in textiles (such as in carpets, upholstery, window blinds and curtains and mattresses), and in adhesives, sealants and coatings - present in New Zealand before 18 December 2018. | 14/12/2018 | |
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| New Zealand | Short-chain chlorinated paraffins | Articles where SCCPs have been used as additives in rubber and plastic goods, in adhesives and sealants, and as water-proofing and flame retardant agents for textiles – present in New Zealand before 18 December 2018. | 14/12/2018 | |
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| New Zealand | Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA), its salts and PFOA-related compounds | Articles where PFOA, its salts and PFOA-related compounds have been used as components, such as coated textiles, papers, fluoropolymer membranes or medical devices, in New Zealand on or before 3 December 2020 | 01/12/2020 | |
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| Norway | Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, its salts and perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride | Despite existing regulations (see comments) PFOS and PFOS related compounds as constituents of articles still in use may be found in Norway.
In 2009, the Norwegian Climate and Pollution agency undertook a screening study to identify possible sources of perfluorinated compounds (PFC) in industrial manufacturing and household
applications in Norway. In this study low concentration levels of PFOS was detected in paints and inks, products with non-stick surfaces (i.e. cake forms, irons and pans) and power circuit boards
from electronic products. | 06/04/2011 | In Norway, PFOS and PFOS related substances have historically been used in consumer applications to provide grease, oil and water resistance to materials such as textiles including carpets, sports and leisure wear, upholstery, paper and packaging, coatings, and in industrial and household cleaning products. These products were mainly foreign products, imported to Norway.
In Norway, production, import, export and placing on the market of PFOS and PFOS related compounds in products is restricted by the Product Regulations (www.klif.no/seksjonsartikkel 302l 7.aspx). According to the Product Regulations the manufacture, import, export and sale of impregnation agents and fire-fighting foam containing PFOS or PFOS related compounds in a concentration equal to or higher than 0.005 % by weight is prohibited. The manufacture, import, export and sale of textiles or other coated materials is prohibited if the amount of PFOS or PFOS-related compounds is equal to or higher than 1 ug/mg2. Possession of PFOS containing fire-fighting foam is also forbidden by Norwegian law which specifically requires that such products shall be delivered to an approved facility for final treatment.
According the Norwegian Product Register, the use of PFOS in chemicals and chemical mixtures was largely phased out in Norway in 2002, and has since been negligible. |
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| Norway | Tetrabromodiphenyl ether and pentabromodiphenyl ether | Norwegian authorities have no information to indicate that pentaBDE is a constituent of articles in use. In the case that such use still occurs it must be anticipated that it relates to products that were on the marked before the ban entered into force in 2004, and that have not yet been phased out. | 06/04/2011 | Note by Secretariat: Notification from Party referred to Tetrabromodiphenyl ether and pentabromodiphenyl ether (main components of commercial Pentabromodiphenyl ether (pentaBDE))
Production, import, export and placing on the market of all formulations, products, and parts of products containing greater than or equal to 0.1% by weight of pentaBDE is in Norway prohibited
through §2-20 of the Product Regulations. This ban entered into force on 1 July 2004, and as lain down in the Waste Regulation also extends to waste. As of 1 January 2004 waste containing more than 0.25% of pentaBDE is defined as hazardous waste and has to be treated according to regulations on hazardous waste. Permissions to export hazardous waste for recycling are not granted.
Historically, the main use of pentaBDE in Norway related to products. Use of pentaBDE as a flame retardant in electrical and electronic equipment, polyurethane foam, textiles and in means of transportation was been identified. However, import, export and use of pentaBDE for all these purposes ceased when the final regulatory action of pentaBDE entered into force in 2004.
Available numbers from the textile industry in Norway, suggest that the total use of penta- and octaBDE for textile production, previous to the ban, in the period 1997-2003, was 75 kg/year. This use ceased with the ban in 2004.
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| Norway | Hexabromodiphenyl ether and heptabromodiphenyl ether | Norwegian authorities have no information to indicate that octaBDE is a constituent of articles in use. In the case that such use still occurs it must be anticipated that it relates to products that were on the marked before the ban entered into force in 2004. | 06/04/2011 | Note by the Secretariat: Notification from Party referred to Hexabromodiphenyl ether and heptabromodiphenyl ether (main components of commercial octabromodipbenyl ether (octaBDE)
Production, import, export and placing on the market of all formulations, products, and parts of products containing greater than or equal to 0.1 % by weight of commercial octaBDE is in Norway
prohibited through §2-20 of the Product Regulations. This ban entered into force on 1 July 2004, and also extends to waste. As of 1 January 2004, and as lain down in the Waste Regulation, waste containing more than 0.25% of octaBDE is defined as hazardous waste and has to be treated according to regulations on hazardous waste. Permissions to export hazardous waste for recycling are not granted.
Historically, the main use of octaBDE in Norway was related to products. Identified uses include the application of octaBDE as a flame retardant in polymers, high impact polystyrene and in electrical and electronic equipment. However, import, export and use of octaBDE for all these purposes ceased when the final regulatory action of octaBDE entered into force in 2004. Available numbers from the textile industry in Norway, suggest that the total use of penta- and octaBDE for textile production, previous to the ban, in the period 1997-2003, was 75 kg/year. This use ceased with the ban in 2004. |
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| Switzerland | Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, its salts and perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride | Medical diagnostic device. | 15/03/2011 | Until 2010 a PFOS containing formulation was used for coating components of a medical diagnostic device. PFOS has meanwhile been replaced in this process, but some medical diagnostic devices containing PFOS could still be in use. |
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| United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | Tetrabromodiphenyl ether and pentabromodiphenyl ether | Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (tetraBDE): Flame retardant materials used in foam-based products found in soft furnishings.
Pentabromodiphenyl ether (pentaBDE): Flame retardant materials used in textiles and soft furnishings.
| 24/01/2022 | Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (tetraBDE): In sampling conducted in 2021, we confirmed the presence of high levels of tetraBDE, as part of a commercial pentaBDE mixture, in foam found in a small proportion of items of domestic seating being discarded as waste.
Sampling conducted in 2019 on waste electrical products found no evidence of this chemical remaining is use in household electrical devices.
Pentabromodiphenyl ether (pentaBDE): In sampling conducted in 2021, we confirmed the presence of high levels of pentaBDE as part of a commercial pentaBDE mixture with tetraBDE, in foam found in a small proportion of items of domestic seating being discarded as waste.
Work conducted in 2019 on waste electrical products found no
evidence of this chemical remaining in use in household electrical devices.
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| United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) present in commercial decabromodiphenyl ether | Flame retardant materials for textiles and soft furnishings.
Flame retardant materials for plastic casings of appliances, electric and electronic equipment. | 24/01/2022 | Analysis of waste domestic seating conducted in 2021 suggests that approximately 1000 tonnes of DecaBDE are currently discarded per annum. Given the long life-span of these items, significant quantities remain in use.
Analysis of waste electrical devices sampled in 2019 confirms that this is the predominant brominated POP in items being discarded, and will be widespread in articles remaining in use. The quantity will be significantly less than in domestic seating. |
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| United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | Hexabromodiphenyl ether and heptabromodiphenyl ether | Hexabromodiphenyl ether (hexaBDE): Flame retardant materials for plastic casings of appliances, electric and electronic equipment.
Heptabromodiphenyl ether (heptaBDE): Flame retardant materials for plastic casings of appliances, electric and electronic equipment. | 24/01/2022 | Hexabromodiphenyl ether (hexaBDE): In sampling conducted in 2019 we confirmed the presence of high levels of hexaBDE, as part of a commercial octaBDE mixture with heptaBDE, in plastic found in a small proportion of waste household electrical devices.
- Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) displays
Lower levels were found in some
- Cooker (control box)
In sampling conducted in 2021 we found no evidence of its presence in waste domestic seating to suggest it was used, and remains in use in such articles.
Heptabromodiphenyl ether (heptaBDE): In sampling conducted in 2019 we confirmed the presence of a high level of heptaBDE, as part of a commercial octaBDE mixture with hexaBDE, in plastic found in a small proportion of waste household electrical devices.
- Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) displays
- Cooker (control box)
Lower levels were found in some
- Flat Panel displays
- Toy cars (electric)
In sampling conducted in 2021 we found no evidence of its presence in waste domestic seating to suggest it was used, and remains in use in such articles. |
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| United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | Hexabromocyclododecane | Flame retardant in upholstered furniture.
Some electrical products. | 24/01/2022 | In sampling conducted in 2021 we have confirmed the presence of HBCDD in textile and synthetic leather covers of items of a small but significant proportion waste domestic seating, as well as finding lower levels in their foam or linings. This confirms that it remains present in in use seating articles in large quantities.
Our work on waste electrical devices conducted in 2019 suggests that a negligible amount of HBCDD remains in use in some household type electrical products.
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